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Investing better in universal social protection. Applying international social security standards in social protection policy and financing

Autor: Bierbaum, Mira; Schmitt, Valérie
Año: 2022
Resumen: The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed significant gaps in the coverage, comprehensiveness and adequacy of social protection systems worldwide. These gaps have jeopardized the health, incomes and jobs of billions of people. Closing these protection gaps, facilitating faster and inclusive socio-economic recovery and enhancing resilience against future shocks requires more investment in social protection. Yet, more investment alone is not sufficient; countries also need to invest better in universal social protection, that is, to ensure that investments in social protection contribute to building systems that are aligned with international social security standards, in particular the Social Protection Floors Recommendation, 2012 (No. 202), working in tandem with the Social Security (Minimum Standards) Convention, 1952 (No. 102). This working paper is intended for a broad audience and outlines how the guidance provided by Recommendation No. 202 contributes to building nationally owned social protection systems that comprehensively and adequately protect the population and leave no one behind, are financially sustainable and socially just and rely on sound management and good governance.

Fuente: Organización Internacional del Trabajo (OIT)
Clasificación: Seguridad Social y Sistemas de Pensiones
Tipo de Publicación: Documentos de Trabajo
Idioma:

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Mejorar la prestación de servicios de seguridad social

Autor: Asociación Internacional de la Seguridad Social (AISS)
Año: 2022
Resumen: La sociedad, incluido el sector público y la seguridad social, se encuentra en plena transformación digital, tendencia que se ha visto acelerada por la pandemia mundial de COVID-19. La transformación digital de la creación y la prestación de servicios entraña el uso de nuevas tecnologías y conceptos, así como de nuevas formas de organización y creación de valor. Pese al aumento de las oportunidades, las desigualdades en el acceso y el uso de la infraestructura y las herramientas digitales son cada vez mayores. La pandemia de COVID-19 ha acelerado el ritmo del cambio y ha exacerbado las diferencias existentes. En consecuencia, el mundo tiene la responsabilidad colectiva de maximizar los efectos positivos de la transformación digital y, al mismo tiempo, de gestionar y mitigar sus efectos negativos. […] Como parte de esta labor conjunta, el presente informe tiene por objeto destacar las principales áreas de interés que deben abordarse para lograr la inclusión digital en la seguridad social, así como ofrecer una serie de recomendaciones centradas principalmente en los modos de facilitar el acceso, mejorar las competencias de los beneficiarios y facilitar un entorno propicio, sobre la base de las experiencias pasadas y actuales del sector público y de la seguridad social, y sus buenas prácticas a este respecto. Así pues, la inclusión digital es fundamental para seguir generando confianza al reconocer las diferencias entre los distintos grupos de población y velar por que ningún beneficiario se quede atrás.

Fuente: Asociación Internacional de la Seguridad Social (AISS)
Clasificación: Seguridad Social y Sistemas de Pensiones
Tipo de Publicación: Informes
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Social policy advice to countries from the International Monetary Fund during the COVID-19 crisis: Continuity and change

Autor: Razavi, Shahra; Schwarzer, Helmut; Durán-Valverde, Fabio; Ortiz, Isabel; Dutt, Devika
Año: 2021
Resumen: This paper explores whether there has been a change in International Monetary Fund (IMF) policy advice and conditions in its loan programmes and Article IV surveillance by examining the 148 country reports for IMF programmes in 2020, in the context of significant shifts in its global macroeconomic policy framework during the COVID-19 pandemic. It documents the policy recommendations made in these reports and finds that the IMF has supported increased expenditure on health care and cash transfer programmes, often on a temporary basis, even when it meant higher fiscal deficit and public debt. However, it also finds that the IMF has supported fiscal consolidation and reduction of public debt even more frequently, in 129 of the 148 reports examined. This seems to corroborate the findings of a number of recent studies. Given the pronounced gaps in social protection coverage, comprehensiveness and adequacy across all countries, it is essential that the measures taken to cope with the emergency do not remain a mere stopgap response, but progressively lead to the establishment or strengthening of rights-based national social protection systems, including floors. To do so, countries can and should pursue diverse financing options that are equitable in order to mobilize the financial resources needed for social investments, including investments in social protection systems and quality public services.

Fuente: Organización Internacional del Trabajo (OIT)
Clasificación: Seguridad Social y Sistemas de Pensiones
Tipo de Publicación: Documentos de Trabajo
Idioma:

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The Anatomy of Index Rebalancings: Evidence from Transaction Data

Autor: Escobar, Mariana; Pandolfi, Lorenzo; Pedraza, Alvaro; Williams, Tomas.
Año: 2021
Resumen: This paper exploits a novel dataset covering the universe of transactions in the Colombian Stock Exchange to analyze episodes of additions to and deletions from MSCI equity indexes. The analysis finds that additions and deletions have large price effects: the median cumulative abnormal return in absolute value is 5.5 percent. The paper shows that these price effects are due to large demand shocks by different classes of international investors—not only passive funds and ETFs, but also active mutual funds, pension funds and government funds—which are not absorbed by arbitrageurs. Consistent with recent asset pricing models with limits to arbitrage, stock demand curves are estimated to be very inelastic: the demand elasticity for the median stock in the sample is −0.34, implying that a 1 percent increase in the demand for the stock increases its price by 2.9 percent.

Fuente: Banco Mundial
Clasificación: Fondos de Inversión
Tipo de Publicación: Documentos de Trabajo
Idioma:

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Financing human-centred COVID-19 recovery and decisive climate action worldwide: International cooperation’s twenty-first century moment of truth

Autor: Samans, Richard
Año: 2021
Resumen: All nations have an interest in greatly accelerating implementation – including in low- and lower-middle-income countries – of the strategies that have been agreed internationally to address the universal threats posed by the pandemic and climate change, i.e., WHO’s ACT-A/COVAX initiative; the ILO Global Call to Action for a Human-Centred Recovery from the COVID-19 Crisis; and the 2030 Agenda, which includes the Paris climate agreement and Sustainable Development Goals. The most feasible way these resources can be mobilized at the required scale and speed is for the existing capital and capabilities of the international financial institutions (the IMF and multilateral development banks) to be deployed as imaginatively and expansively over the next several years as advanced countries have deployed their central banks and treasuries since the beginning of the pandemic. The paper outlines a set of specific initiatives to this end, including but not limited to a structured framework for the donation of recently issued Special Drawing Rights (SDRs), that would: • fully and promptly fund the WHO ACT-A/COVAX Initiative; • adequately resource debt relief and restructuring, social protection floors and job-rich sustainable infrastructure and industry in these developing countries; and • finance a global effort to avoid a lock-in of greenhouse gas emissions from coal-fired power generation, which represents the single largest and most time sensitive aspect of the climate action required to achieve the goals of the Paris climate agreement.

Fuente: Organización Internacional del Trabajo (OIT)
Clasificación: Fondos de Inversión
Tipo de Publicación: Documentos de Trabajo
Idioma:

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