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Subnational Civil Servant Pension Schemes in Brazil: Context, History, and Lessons of Reform

Autor: Banco Mundial
Año: 2022
Resumen: Brazil's pension system takes up an oversized proportion of its social protection spending. It comprises of Regime Geral de Previdéncia Social (RGPS), covering private sector workers, and over two thousand Regimes Pröprios de Previdéncia Social (RPPS), insuring public civil servants at federal and subnational levels. While the total membership of RPPS only stands at about 10 percent of RGPS coverage, its spending amounts to almost half of RGPS pension outlays. This paper attempts to present an integrated view of RPPS pension schemes, their influence on subnational budgets, and their interaction with human resource policies. After a brief introduction, Chapter 3 starts by documenting the history of civil service and its associated pension schemes, looking for explanations on how subnational RPPS became so big, dispersed, and difficult to reform. The fiscal consequences of subnational civil service pension scheme expansion and maturation, including RPPS role in the fiscal challenges and policies of the last few years, are discussed in Chapter 4. Chapter 5 attempts to expose important interlinkages between pension and human resource policies and argues for the need of integrated policy approach. Chapter 6 describes the history of previous RPPS reform attempts, while Chapter 7 focuses on the effects of federal pension reform of 2019 on subnational civil servant pension schemes. The paper ends with lessons and policy recommendations for the future.

Fuente: Banco Mundial
Clasificación: Seguridad Social y Sistemas de Pensiones
Tipo de Publicación: Informes
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Evaluación de las reformas a los sistemas de pensiones: cuatro aspectos críticos y sugerencias de políticas

Autor: Rossi, Ianina; Lavalleja, Martín
Año: 2022
Resumen: En este estudio se analizan diferentes alternativas para la estimación del impacto distributivo de las jubilaciones en Uruguay y se realiza una estimación de su impacto utilizando el enfoque de comparar el valor presente de prestaciones esperadas netas de contribuciones (directas) con el caso hipotético en el cual no existe un programa de jubilaciones y las mismas contribuciones son ahorradas en un fondo individual a partir del cual se contrata una renta vitalicia al momento de retiro.

Fuente: Comisión Económica para América Latina (CEPAL)
Clasificación: Beneficios
Tipo de Publicación: Documentos de Trabajo
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Diverse Ways to Build Social Protection? Lessons From the Breadth of Emergency Social Policy Responses Around the World

Autor: Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo (PNUD); Soto, Santiago; Montoya-Aguirre, María
Año: 2022
Resumen: This brief examines the social policy responses aimed at protecting income and job losses implemented amidst the pandemic. A rich dataset has been exploited to characterize the breadth of countries’ policy responses by building an index that reflects the diversity of policies implemented, amongst all those available, in terms of social assistance, social insurance, and the labour market. This analysis offers a qualitative approach on whether governments’ actions were comprehensive or narrow, conditional on the fiscal efforts and the stringency of the containment measures. There are three key insights from this analysis. First, even when social protection systems are highly conditioned by the income level of each country, all countries resorted to the social assistance dimension of social protection. Second, even in the presence of new social assistance measures, most developed countries also relied on social insurance and labour market policies. Finally, social protection systems should be continuously strengthened, especially in case more stringent measures are required due to the current and future threats to public health.

Fuente: Organización de las Naciones Unidas (ONU)
Clasificación: Mercado Laboral
Tipo de Publicación: Artículo Académico
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On the Importance of Monitoring Inequality in Life Expectancy

Autor: Organización de las Naciones Unidas (ONU), Departamento de Asuntos Económicos y Sociales; Issifou, Ismael; Pewitt, Julie
Año: 2022
Resumen: In recent decades, all regions of the world have seen substantial progress in life expectancy at birth, which was estimated to be at 72.8 years in 2019 compared with 64.2 years three decades ago. As importantly, life expectancy has increased at all ages such that a person at age 65 in 2019 was likely to live 6.2 years longer than in the early 1950s (United Nations, 2022). But life expectancy differs significantly across countries and within them. Inequalities in health and in life expectancy across countries have received attention from the international community, which recognized that such inequalities are unfair and beyond an individual’s control. Assessing country-level inequality in life expectancy is therefore useful to examine whether outcomes in countries with high increases in life expectancy differ by their social and health policies. For instance, reducing inequality in life expectancy across countries points to the role that health policies play in controlling a wide range of diseases responsible for disparities in child and maternal mortality.

Fuente: Organización de las Naciones Unidas (ONU)
Clasificación: Seguridad Social y Sistemas de Pensiones
Tipo de Publicación: Artículo Académico
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Putting Gender Equality at the Centre of Social Protection Strategies in Sub-Saharan Africa

Autor: Orgranización de las Naciones Unidas (ONU) Mujeres
Año: 2022
Resumen: Social protection has become an increasingly important part of the social development agenda in sub-Saharan Africa. Comprehensive social protection systems can contribute to poverty eradication and reduced inequalities, stimulate productive activity and economic growth, and create resilience in the face of multiple and recurrent crises—particularly if they work in tandem with other social and labour market policies. Recently, countries in the region have made extensive use of social protection instruments to confront the economic and social fallout of the COVID-19 pandemic. Against this backdrop, this brief analyses the extent to and ways in which countries in the region integrate gender equality and women’s empowerment into their social protection efforts, drawing on a unique data set of national social protection strategies from 30 countries in the region, including 14 in West and Central Africa and 16 in East and Southern Africa. It finds that while a significant number of strategies acknowledge gendered risks and vulnerabilities, few include specific actions to address them. The brief concludes with a set of recommendations for increased mainstreaming of gender equality concerns into efforts to build national social protection systems.

Fuente: Organización de las Naciones Unidas (ONU)
Clasificación: Seguridad Social y Sistemas de Pensiones
Tipo de Publicación: Informes
Idioma:

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