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National Insurance Scheme Reforms in the Caribbean

Autor: Nassar, Koffie; Okwuokei, Joel; Li, Mike; Robinson, Timothy; Thomas, Saji
Año: 2016
Resumen: Weighed down by population aging, slow economic growth, and high unemployment, National Insurance Schemes in the Caribbean are projected to run substantial deficits and deplete their assets in the next decades, raising the prospects of government intervention. With the region highly indebted, this paper quantifies the impact of three parametric reforms—freezing pension benefits for two years, raising the retirement age and increasing the contribution rate by one percentage point—that, if implemented, would put the pension schemes on a stronger financial footing. While the appropriate combination of reforms necessary to eliminate the actuarial deficits varies depending on each country’s circumstances, most countries need to undertake reforms now or risk even higher taxes, lower growth and unsustainable debt dynamics.

Fuente: Fondo Monetario Internacional (FMI)
Clasificación: Reformas de Pensiones
Tipo de Publicación: Documentos de Trabajo
Idioma:

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Republic of the Philippines Review of the Social Security System: Considerations for Strengthening Sustainability and Coverage

Autor: Banco Mundial
Año: 2016
Resumen: This report was prepared at the request of the Philippines Social Security System (SSS) to analyze key challenges and propose reform options to improve the sustainability and expand the coverage of old age income protection for private sector workers. A simulation employing the Pension Reform Options Simulation Toolkit (PROST) found that the SSS scheme will face outflows greater than inflows in about 20 years and depletion of its assets in about 28 years. Fortunately, its medium-term financing issues can be addressed through the gradual introduction of parametric reforms that shield workers and retirees from abrupt changes in contributions and benefits. At the same time, the Philippines faces a challenge to improve the defacto coverage of workers by Social Security, and to increase the income protection coverage of the elderly. Options suggested include SSS measures to leverage its identification system and introduce a special instrument for informal workers. Rather than introducing matching contribution subsidies to expand coverage, it was suggested to broaden the scope of beneficiaries eligible for social pensions. Beyond the scope of the SSS, additional measures were suggested including those to improve the access and efficiency of contributions and payments systems, strengthening mobile-money platforms and efforts to improve access to savings instruments, particularly for small and isolated savers. The report points out that the key means of improving coverage lies beyond the scope of social security or pensions, namely, to improve the quantity and quality of wage-based employment.

Fuente: Banco Mundial
Clasificación: Seguridad Social y Sistemas de Pensiones
Tipo de Publicación: Informes
Idioma:

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Retirement benefit provision: Measuring multivariable adequacy and the implications for social security institutions

Autor: Asociación Internacional de la Seguridad Social (AISS)
Año: 2015
Resumen: As the first in a series of reports promoting the findings of the Adequacy Project of the International Social Security Association (ISSA), this report summarizes results concerning the adequacy of retirement benefit provision and discusses the implications of these for social security institutions. Following an introduction that outlines the rationale for the project, the report presents results from seven piloted case studies1 of the ISSA’s retirement adequacy model and offers analysis for the improved design, management, administration and delivery of benefits. […] Finally, the project’s findings highlight the value to social security institutions, policymakers, the public and other stakeholders of benefits and services provided by retirement systems. In a period of financial constraints faced by many social security systems, a quantification of these positive elements can strengthen their political and public support.

Fuente: Asociación Internacional de la Seguridad Social (AISS)
Clasificación: Beneficios
Tipo de Publicación: Informes
Idioma:

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The Gender Dimensions of Pension Systems. Policies and Constraints for the Protection of Older Women

Autor: Arza, Camila
Año: 2015
Resumen: Gender equality is one of the key challenges confronted by pension systems around the world. In a context of gendered labour markets, contributory pension systems face several constraints to guarantee universal and adequate pension benefits for women. Women’s life courses are characterized by longer periods dedicated to taking care of others, lower labour market participation, more part-time work and lower earnings. All these features compromise their pension entitlements in pension systems that link benefits to paid work, contributions and earnings. This publication deals with the challenges and constraints that pension systems face to be gender equitable and the policy alternatives to address these challenges. This work shows that crucial policy choices for the protection of women concern the conditions for entitlements in pension systems (based on either work, need or citizenship), the types of transfers that are promoted between women and men, the policy tools available to offset gender differences in paid work, earnings and unpaid work (such as contribution credits) and the protection of the most vulnerable social groups through redistributive benefits.

Fuente: Organización de las Naciones Unidas (ONU)
Clasificación: Mercado Laboral
Tipo de Publicación: Artículo Académico
Idioma:

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Conseguir niveles mínimos de protección social adecuados para las mujeres

Autor: Organización de las Naciones Unidas (ONU) Mujeres
Año: 2015
Resumen: Este resumen sintetiza las conclusiones de las investigaciones, los análisis y las recomendaciones sobre políticas para lograr unos niveles mínimos de protección social adecuados para las mujeres. La idea de un nivel mínimo de protección social está ya fuertemente arraigada en la agenda mundial para el desarrollo. Definido como un conjunto de garantías mínimas que incluyen la seguridad de los ingresos básicos para las niñas y los niños, las personas adultas en edad de trabajar, las personas mayores y las personas con discapacidad, así como atención básica de la salud para todas y todos, el nivel mínimo de protección social es prometedor para las mujeres, que sufren de forma desproporcionada la exclusión de los regímenes de protección social existentes. Hasta el momento, sin embargo, la integración de las cuestiones de género en la protección social ha sido desigual y ambigua, omitiendo abordar los riesgos y las limitaciones específicos a las mujeres. Con base en las pruebas obtenidas y las experiencias extraídas a escala internacional, este documento pone de relieve algunas vías prometedoras para conseguir unos umbrales mínimos de protección social para las mujeres. Queda mucho por hacer en lo que concierne a la integración del género en el diseño y la ejecución de los programas de fomento de la seguridad de los ingresos a lo largo de todo el ciclo de vida, incluidas las transferencias monetarias, los programas de obras públicas y los sistemas de pensiones. No obstante, para que las soluciones aportadas sean duraderas, estas iniciativas deben formar parte de un paquete más amplio que incluya políticas dirigidas a favorecer el acceso de las mujeres a un trabajo decente, que sigue siendo la principal fuente de ingresos para la mayoría de las personas adultas en edad de trabajar y para sus familias.

Fuente: Organización de las Naciones Unidas (ONU)
Clasificación: Beneficios
Tipo de Publicación: Documentos de Trabajo
Idioma:

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