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Arab Pension Systems: Trends, Challenges and Options for Reforms

Autor: Fondo Monetario Árabe, Grupo Banco Mundial
Año: 2017
Resumen: This report provides an overview of current pension challenges and opportunities formembers of the Arab Monetary Fund (AMF)1. There is an urgent need to address pensionissues in the region to address fiscal, macroeconomic, sustainability, equity and welfarechallenges. The report sets out potential solutions and proposals that countries could adopt toimprove their pension outcomes. The analysis and the reforms grew out of the high-levelconference: “Arab Pension Reforms,” that took place on January 25th, and 26th, 2017, in AbuDhabi. The conference was co-hosted by the AMF and the World Bank Group (WBG).

Fuente: Banco Mundial
Clasificación: Reformas de Pensiones
Tipo de Publicación: Informes
Idioma:

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Disability Pensions in the European Union

Autor: Wiener, Mitchell; Jain, Himanshi; Schwarz, Anita; Abel, Miglena
Año: 2017
Resumen: Disability is a complex, evolving and multidimensional concept. According to the World Disability report (2011), disability will be an even greater concern as its prevalence is on the rise due to Ageing Populations as well as the Global increase in chronic health conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer and mental health disorders. In this paper, the authors look at the basic design features and fiscal costs of the sick pay, sick leave and disability pensions program in each of the Member States of the European Union. As will be seen, it is difficult to draw any policy conclusions or find much in the way of trends in the data. Nevertheless, the authors highlight the heterogeneity in practices across various countries through our analysis, suggest areas for additional analysis or research, and provide suggestions for strengthening disability pension systems in the future. The authors also include case studies for two countries (The Netherlands and Poland) to illustrate the characteristics of recent reforms and lessons learned. For most purposes, in this paper, disability benefits refer to a combination of sick pay, sick leave and disability pensions payable from social insurance programs. This paper is arranged as follows: (ii) Section II of this report discusses the social, financial, and demographic arguments for countries to focus increased attention now on the design, administration and financing of their sick pay, sick leave and disability pension programs; (iii) Section III discusses the basic terminology and issues in disability pensions; and (iv) Section IV reviews the current practices of the EU countries in the areas of disability covered by the report.

Fuente: Banco Mundial
Clasificación: Seguridad Social y Sistemas de Pensiones
Tipo de Publicación: Informes
Idioma:

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Realizing the Potential of Living Longer

Autor: Comisión Económica de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para Europa (UNECE)
Año: 2017
Resumen: Policy responses to population ageing to date have primarily focused on adapting welfare systems to the challenges of demographic change. Much less attention is being paid to the opportunities and potentials that living longer holds for individuals, economies and society at large, and to tackling the barriers that currently hinder their full realization. Perceiving longevity mainly as a fiscal pressure and an obstacle to economic growth may trigger reforms that result in rising inequalities. This can occur when the cumulative disadvantages stemming from difficulties in transitions over the life course, ill health and disability and unpaid caregiving are insufficiently addressed. It also feeds into age-based stereotypes and negative attitudes towards older people. To change this, it is essential to better recognize the potentials of ageing societies and to enable people to live active and fulfilling lives as they age.

Fuente: Organización de las Naciones Unidas (ONU)
Clasificación: Seguridad Social y Sistemas de Pensiones
Tipo de Publicación: Documentos de Trabajo
Idioma:

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What Are the Effects of Expanding a Social Pension Program on Extreme Poverty and Labor Supply?: Evidence from Mexico's Pension Program for the Elderly

Autor: Avila-Parra, Clemente; Escamilla-Guerrero, David
Año: 2017
Resumen: In 2013, Mexico's Social Pension Program for the Elderly was expanded by changing its eligibility threshold from age 70 to age 65. Using pooled cross-sectional data from Mexico's National Household Income and Expenditure Survey, the exogenous variation around eligibility age was exploited to uncover the causal effects of this expansion on extreme poverty and labor supply of the newly eligible population, and to explore potential transmission mechanisms. Applying quasi-experimental methods, results show that the expansion of Mexico's Social Pension Program for the Elderly not only reduced the probability of the elderly being extreme poor, but it also reduced the extreme poverty gap, and the extreme poverty severity indexes of the elderly population. These effects on extreme poverty are generalizable to all individuals of the treated household. The results suggest that the expansion of the Social Pension Program for the Elderly did not have short-term effects on the labor force participation of the elderly. Accordingly, the analysis does not find that the program reduced labor income. In contrast with other impact evaluations of similar programs, the analysis does not find that the expansion of Mexico's program had a crowding out effect on domestic or international private transfers to the elderly.

Fuente: Banco Mundial
Clasificación: Seguridad Social y Sistemas de Pensiones
Tipo de Publicación: Informes
Idioma:

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Pension Funds, Capital Markets, and the Power of Diversification

Autor: Stewart, Fiona; Despalins, Romain; Remizova, Inna
Año: 2017
Resumen: The potential for pension funds to contribute to capital markets and thereby economic growth has been argued on a theoretical basis and demonstrated empirically. However, reforms fostering the development of funded pension systems have not had the economic impact hoped for in some countries. Pension fund portfolios in some cases have remained highly exposed to shorter-term assets, such as bank deposits and shorter-term government bonds. This, in turn, has led to relatively low investment returns, thereby potentially affecting income adequacy in retirement. This paper looks at the potential regulatory hurdles to long-term investment by pension funds, while also proposing international diversification and the creation of domestic investment opportunities to help portfolio diversification and ultimately improve the delivery of secure, adequate pensions.

Fuente: Banco Mundial
Clasificación: Fondos de Inversión
Tipo de Publicación: Informes
Idioma:

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